Kei te huri haere ngā ekari LED kiriaki i te āhua o ngā whare ki waho, ka huri i ngā tapa pōmārie ki ētahi mea ka taea te huri me te mōhiotia. E kore ēnei ekari e tuanui ana ki tētahi āhua anake pērā me ngā TV noa. Engari he mea ka peharu me te whakamaroke i ngā āhua katoa, ngā rārangi hoki, e hāngai ana ki aua pāpāri kirimea ngarowhangū, i ētahi wā hoki ki ngā whare ki ngā āhua takotoranga. Kua timata kē ētahi tohunga mātaiwhenua rongonui ki te tākaro ki tēnei aronga, ka rerekē te āhua o ō rātou whare i te rangi inā hau mai te rā, i te pō hoki inā ataahua ai ki ngā tirohanga tae. Kei te tautoko hoki ngā tau ā-tauira i tēnei mea. I roto i tētahi pūrongo hou mai i te Rōpū Hoahoa Whenua Tāone, e whitu ki te waru ngā tekau mā rua ngā kaihoahoa tāone e whakapono ana ka hiahia tonu ngā paparanga LED e hāngai ana ki ngā tāone e āki nei.
Ko ngā punaha LED marawharaō anuanu āianei e whiwhi ana i ngā raraunga taiao mō te wā, e herekau ana i tā rātou mārama i te pō mō te rā, ā, e urupare ana ki ngā huringa huarere. Ko te mea hira kei te heke iho te whakauru o te wera rā i runga i ngā paparanga e 32%, i te wā e takirua hoki hei paparanga mō ngā whakaahua ahurewa i te pō. Ina whakaputangia e ngā kaiārahi ēnei paparanga LED marawharaō ki ngā tātaitanga o ngā whare, ka hangaia e rātou ngā mata pūkenga e kōrero atu ana ki te tāone e pā ana. I te wā o te haerenga ki te mahi i te ata me te ahiahi, ka whakaatu ēnei paparanga i ngā rahoraho karere me ngā panoni arataki ki ngā pāpaku o ngā whare. I te pō, ka huri ki ngā arataki māmā mārama e wātea ai te noho ake i te taiao kāore ai i nui ake te pā ki ngā kaihaere haere. Ko te takotoranga o te mahi pono me te āhua ātaahua e pai ake ai ngā whare i ētahi hanganga tuimotu anake i ngā taiwhenua ūrurbanahia o nāianei.
Ko te Curve i Dubai he tauira pai o tēnei panonitanga, e āki ana i te pae o ngā papahiko LED maroke e 18 miriona e takotoria ana ki tōna mata whānui e 210 mita te roa. Ko te mea e hāpai ana i tana aronga ko te urupare o te takotoranga o te whare ki ngā tāngata e hīkoi haere ana, ka huri mai i ngā tohu arataki noa ake ki ngā whakaaturanga toa mō ngā toa ina heke atu te hīkoi. Ka iti ake ngā rāwhiti kore e hiahiatia ana i te pō ngā rāwhiti, engari ka mau tonu te nuinga o te whakaaturanga ahakoa he maha te ra. E tautau nei tēnei ara i ngā paerewa hou mō ngā whare hangarau kākāriki kei ngā wāhi e tino wera ana i te rangi.
Kei te nekeneke te aronga ki ngā puranga māmā, āhuatanga whai ao ēnei rā, ā, ko konei te wāhi i kaupapa ai ngā ekari LED kua hāngai ai ki ērā pāpā tūmatanui tawhito kāore i tino pai ai anō. Ka timata ngā pāpā tuakiri ki te pakaru, ki te whakaatu i ētahi whakaahua hāunga ina whakamaroketia i te 3 mita atu anō. Engari ngā ekari kua hangaia mai i te hangarau ripa māmā? Ka whakamarokea tonu ki te āhua e hiahiatia ana kia tika ai, kāore he raruraru. Kua mahi ngā mātai hinengaro i tēnei mea i ngā tau maha inianei, i hangaia e rātou ngā papamuri LED e noho ana ki te 0.25mm pea, ka taea te whakapae i ngā pou, tae atu ki ngā hanganga koru koru pērā i te mataara toru āhua ataahua ki Guangzhou Circle. Me tirohia tēnei, ānō nei ka taea e ēnei ekari te whakaatu i ngā whakaahua 4K maamaa, me te pīki ake o te mārama e 150 nits.
Ina hui ana te hanganga matihiko me te tauira whakarāpopotanga, ka whai mana ake ngā kaiārahi ki te hanga i ngā rāpoi LED e hangaia ana i ngā tauwātata ātaahua e arataki ana i ngā āhuatanga ā-hinu. Ka pakaru ēnei tauira i ngā raina tukutuku mōrearea e kitea ana i ngā pūpahi atamira noa. Kua kite ētahi rangahau e titiro ana ki te tātari isogeometric ko ēnei tikanga e iti rawa ana i ngā hononga e kitea ana pea, e te 75-80% mō ngā whakaurunga e rua ngā takotoranga. Ko te putanga? Ko ngā hanganga e pupuri ana i tō rātou kaha, ā, e pupuri ana i ngā āhua māmā tonu hahani, ā, ahakoa ka whakamahia ki ngā āhuatanga mataara tino herenga.
Ko te āhua o te roa o te wā e hāngai ana ki te āhua e whakamahia ai te pēhi i ērā wāhi mataara. Ka taea e ngā porowhita o tēnei rā, i hangaia mai i ngā matapae polyimide, te noho ora i mua i te 200 miriona kōpiko kia timata ai te heke haere o ngā pīkere. Ina whakauru ngā inihinihini i te kōkirikiri o te ekera (e neke ana i ngā MPa hēkona) me te nuinga o ngā whare, ka hua mai ēnei hoahoa pūpoi. Kei te mahi pai ēnei tohatoha mō ngā take kōwaro i ngā wāhi e tino puipui ai te wera, ā, kei te whakahaere hoki i ngā nuinga whenua i ngā wāhi e tino pakanga ai ngā rū whenua. Ko te tikanga, ko ngā hua e maroke ana engari kei te mau tonu te āhua kōkirikiri.
Ko ngā whare e kākano ana hei paparorohiko āki ai ngā parauna LED māmā e urupare ana ki te tangata e neke haere ana ki tātou. Ka tīmata ngā arataki mōhio e hāngai ana i ngā mata, ka wero ngā mahi ātaahua ki ngā mata, ka huri i ngā tapa o te tāone ki ngā wāhi e hiahia ana ngā tāngata ki te urupare. Ko ngā tau e tautoko ana i tēnei mea – e kōrerotia ana e Urban Place Analytics i te tau ki muri, he piki ake i te 35% te nui o te haerenga tāpoi i ngā wāhi e noho ana ēnei taputapu. Hei tauira, ko te huinga hokohoko hou i Dubai e mu ana ngā epure tapatoru e huringa ana tana tūranga e hiahiapo ana te maha o ngā tāngata e noho ana i te takiwā. E huri ana tētahi whare anō kia rerekē rawa, ina ko te aratiketike anō e urupare ana ki ngā tāngata e haramai ana.
Kei te tīmata te nuinga o ngā taone ki te tāuta i ēnei whakaaturanga LED ngohengohe e rite ana ki ngā arai, e whakaatu ana i ngā mōhiohio taiao i te wā e puta ana. Ko te kounga o te hau, te nui o te pūngao e pau ana i ngā whare, tae noa ki te hihi o te rā, ka hurihia ki ngā tauira ā-tae i runga i ngā pakitara me ngā mata, e āwhina ana i te iwi kia kite i ngā mea e tupu ana i a rātou. Tangohia a Dubai hei tauira i te wā o aua ngaru wera. Ko tētahi pourewa motuhake kei reira ka huri i tōna taiepa LED 25,000 waewae tapawha ki tētahi whakaaturanga puru makariri ina piki te pāmahana. Ko te mea whakamīharo ehara i te mea he reka noa iho te whare, engari ka taea hoki e ia te whakaiti i te pāmahana o te mata ki te 14 nekehanga Fahrenheit mā ngā pūnaha whakairo atamai i hangaia tika ki roto i te hoahoa. He tino whakakotahi i te ahua pai me ngā mahi mahi hei whakautu i te āhuarangi.
Ko ngā pūnaha rama hou e whakauru ana i ngā whakaritenga mārama atamai e whakaiti ana i te putanga o te whakaaturanga ki te 60% i muri i te poutū o te pō, me te pupuri tonu i te kuputuhi kia mārama. Ko ngā kitenga hou mai i te Kaunihera o ngā Taone Marama i te tau 2023 e tohu ana ki ēnei kirihou LED auaha i te taha o te hangarau o te rā, e whakaputa ana i te 30% o tō rātou ake mana mā ēnei pūtau o te rā iti. A he atu ano te tirohanga kei te mahi ngā kairangahau ki te hanga i ngā rauemi pakaru mō aua kaiwhakarato whakaaturanga. He mea nui tēnei nā te mea e kōrero ana mātou mō te 2.3 miriona taranata e haere ana ki ngā wāhi ururua ia tau mai i ngā wāhanga e whakamahia ana i roto i ngā whakaaturanga whare anake.
Kei te huri ngā mata mārama ngohengohe i te āhua o te whakakotahi i ngā mea matihiko ki te karaihe hanga whare, e tuku ana i te 78% o te rā māori kia uru atu ki roto, e ai ki ngā rangahau karaihe atamai hou mai i te tau 2024. Mā ēnei whakaaturanga e pupuri ai ngā hanganga i tō rātou hononga ki te marama o te rā, i te wā e whakaatu ana i ngā whakaahua nekehanga tika i runga i ngā matapihi. Tangohia te toa nui i Milan hei tauira i takahia e rātau to rātau mata karaihe katoa ki ēnei paepae LED 360-tohu. He aha te hua? Ka rere ngā ataata hua ki runga i ngā taonga tūturu i roto i te matapihi toa. He tino pai te mahi. Na ka mahi hoki te waka hiko i te pō, tata ki te haurua, i te wā e kite tonu ana te iwi i ngā mea e tupu ana i roto i te toa, kāore he aukati i te tirohanga.
Ko te hoahoa paparanga rua o ngā mata mārama, ngāwari - e whakakotahi ana i ngā paparanga LED me te karaihe tūmataiti whakawhiti - e āhei ana ki ngā whakawhitinga pūkaha i waenganui i ngā āhua mārama, pōtae, me te pōhēhē. Kei te whakamahia aua pūmanawa i roto i:
He whakahoutanga tata nei mai i tētahi kaiwhakarato ārahi e āhei ai ngā mata mārama ā-tawhiti ki te ōrite ki ngā piko ā-tawhiti tae atu ki te 90°, e whakatutuki ana i te whakauru ā-momo kāore i taea i mua ki ngā whakaaturanga pakeke. Neke atu i te 62% o ngā kaihoahoa e tohu ana i ngā rongoā LED mārama mō ngā kaupapa e hiahiatia ana te arotautanga o te marama o te rā me te whakauru matihiko (2023 Global Architectural Tech Survey).
Ko te hangarau hōkio kōpae hou whakauru ana i ngā takotoranga rā solar tino māmā ki roto i te mata, ka arataki ai i ngā whare ki te mana motuhake. Ka taea e ēnei pūnaha kotahi te hāngai i te 30 ki te 40 ōrau o ngā mea e hiahiatia ana kia whakahaere, i te wā e noho tonu ana ko te 0.3 mirimita anake te tino māmā. I tētahi whakamātautau i Ūropi, kei te whakamātautia e ngā kairangahau ngā tauira pūhiko rā organik e mahi tahi ana me ngā rama LED. Ko te mea whakapakari, kua eke kē ngā huinga hou nei ki te 8,000 nits o te mārama engari ka whakamahi noa i te haurua o te hiko ki te upoko ki ngā mata noa. Arānei, kāore ngā pā whare i te kai hiko anō, engari kei te hāngai hiko anō rātou, ka huri tōnu ai tā tātou whakaaro mō ngā mata paparahi me te kai hiko.
Kei te māia haere ngā whare pūkaha i ēnei rā ki te hanga i ō rātou wāhi taiao e huri ana i ā rātou whakaatu e hāngai ana ki ngā mea e occurring ana i tō rātou takiwā. Mea pea ko ngā tikanga āhuarangi, te horapa o te hau, tae atu ki te maha o ngā tāngata e hīkoi mai ana i te wā kotahi. E ai ki ētahi rangahau hou i te tau ki muri e titiro ana ki te urupare o ngā tāone ki ngā aronga pūkaha, ka kitea ngā hanganga e whakarite ana i ō rātou whakaatu mā te pūkaha hangarua e tino mōhio ana – kua piki ake te mōhio o ngā tāngata e hīkoi ana i te rua tekau pea te painga i ngā tūmau tawhito. Anō hoki, he iti noa te pānga ki te whaitua kore e pai ana – he 40% iti ake ngā whakamārama. He aha te mea e āwhina ai i ēnei? Ko te whakamahi i te 'edge computing' te matua take. Engari i te inoi i ngā toa raraunga kei te tāwhiti, ka whakarato ngā punaha nei i ngā korero ki te wāhi taketake, nō reira ka taea te urupare tūmatawhā.
Ko te piki haere o te rongonui o ngā whare e mārama ana ka whai whakaaro mātou kia tino whai whakaaro ki te aronga o ēnei hanganga i te wā roa. Ka taea ētahi arataki hou whakamahia hei whakahoki anō i te 90% o ēnei matēra hikoinga rare e noho ana i roto i ngā papa LED tawhito, ā, he taumira tonu te utu o ēnei matēra whakamahia anō ki te utu o ngā mea hou. Ko ngā tikanga hou i te hoahoa takirua e āwhina ana kia waiho noa te whakakapi i tētahi papa kotahi i te wā, engari kāore i te huringa i ngā wāhanga katoa. Ko tēnei panoni iti e roa ake ai te wā e ora ai ēnei pūnaha māmāri, nō reira ka rua tekau mā rima tau pea te ora, mai i te whitu tau. Ātaahua ake, kua mau tonu te āhua o ngā papa katoa i te whare, nō reira kāore he tangata e mōhiotia ana ko ētahi hou ake i ētahi atu. Te putanga? E mahi pai ana ngā pūnaha mō ngā wā roa ake, ā, kāore hoki i hangaia te pouri nui i te ara.
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